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Double Standards at the BMJ 29 May 2003
John A. Dodge,
Hon. Prof. of Child Health
University of Wales, Swansea

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The continuing correspondence about the disgraceful character assassination of David Horrobin, disguised as an obituary by Caroline Richmond, and the lack of an apology to the victim's family by the Editor, highlights the fact that the editorial staff of the BMJ expect higher ethical standards from contributors than they apply to their own, or their commissioned, writing. The website states that "Obituaries will be considered by an editorial committee". Did this happen, and was the decision to publish a collective one? If so, then Richard Smith is not the only one guilty of a serious lapse of taste,judgement and courtesy. In its invitation to potential reviewers, the website also says that "we hope not to receive gratuitously negative reviews. Occasionally we encounter a blistering report crafted primarily to wound, to show the reviewer's scientific prowess or to vent strong feelings. This helps us little if it is too destructive or personalised for us to pass on to the authors .... Courtesy, then, is a core attribute of good reviewing" For reviewing, substitute obituary writing. Please could we have some joined-up thinking and some consistency? Come on, BMJ editorial staff, practise what you preach!

Competing interests:   None declared

 

 

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BMJ Defames the Dead-Once Again!

Many would have seen the recent obituary of Dr David Horrobin which appeared in the BMJ. It is clearly, one of the nastiest things the BMJ could have done to anyone after death. The hurt that that obituary had caused Dr Horrobin's family, friends, and many others from around the world is vividly displayed in the large number of rapid responses that followed. Sadly, the editor of the BMJ had condoned this utterly defamatory and seemingly inaccurate account of late Dr Horrobin. In attempting to justify the BMJ's conduct, the editor tries to draw an analogy with style of writing in an autobiography which he claims to have read; one would say, that is where he has 'missed the bus' completely. Unfortunately, reading autobiographies or knowledge acquired via a thousand books will be no replacement to genuine understanding of the word 'sympathy', and its application. Why is the BMJ so extravagant in its desire to defame deceased doctors and cause severe distress to their grieving families?

It was only last year that the BMJ embarked on a similar assault on another distinguished doctor, late Prof Dame Sheila Sherlock. There were similar protests to what we have seen in relation to late Dr Horrobin with inaccuracies pointed out promptly, but seemingly, all in vein. Sadly, it gives the clear impression that the BMJ is determined to exploit the weaknesses of the UK libel laws, in total disregard of those who are in an acute state of grief. Why is this BMA-owned journal has become so callously cruel to some of its deceased members and their loved-ones, so soon after one's demise?; isn't it time that we heard an explanation from the BMA itself, rather than from its ever-defensive editor?

Whilst some answers are needed to fathom the real motives behind the BMJ's  morbid desire to libel the dead, one wonders who will be the next victim. Perhaps, the BMJ should print a warning aimed at its doctor-readers and their loved ones, that post-death libel will be published in its obituary columns.

Those who are further interested in this unpleasant subject, could carry out a search for "defaming dead", and you may find, among others, some comments of  Dr Harold Shipman which fall under this category. So it is not just the BMJ which seems to be prone this problem. Further research might be needed to  understand the pathophysiology of those who seek to defame the dead; 'Defamatory Obituary Syndrome (DOS)' might be an apt name for this condition, and the readers are asked to nominate potential sufferers by emailing [email protected] so that we may follow them up in a systematic manner. Who knows, "snake oil" might be a cure for DOS; after all, the BMA will be very familiar with venomous attacks given a snake prominently twists around its ancient logo.

Medical-Journals.com wish to convey their deepest sympathies to the family of Dr David Horrobin.

April 2003

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A theme issue for medics and an increasingly health informed public
No longer the British Medical Journal
12 November 2002
Roger A Fisken,
Consultant Physician
Friarage Hospital, Northallerton, North Yorkshire DL6 1JG

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I agree wholeheartedly with Dr Curran but I would go much further: your latest ideas seem to me to show that you have finally gone over the edge. Why not simply drop the word "medical" from your title and rename yourselves the "British Sort-of-Health-Interested Journal"?

I have recently attended two high-quality postgraduate meetings and I was struck by the provenance of the articles cited by so many of the speakers: of those which came from general medical journals a high percentage were from the 'Lancet' or the 'New England Journal of Medicine'; there were precious few from the BMJ. The reason for this can easily be seen in your dismissive remark about how many research articles provide information about the aetiology or pathophysiology of disease but "don't matter to patients". How can a doctor give a full and balanced account of an illness to a patient if s/he does not understand the aetiology, pathophysiology, etc of that condition? Your persistent denigration of the profession and your obsession with political correctness and with innovation for its own sake seem to have led you to a position where you have simply forgotten that a doctor is different from a nurse, a patient, a health administrator or a journalist.

I have written to your distribution centre asking to be taken off your circulation list, although I remain a member of the BMA. I shall not be reading the BMJ in future - frankly, I have better things to do with my time.

Competing interests:   None declared

More on the consultant contract
Response to the Editor
3 October 2002
  
David Curtis
London N2 9NA

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Dear Dr Smith

Thank you for your letter. Mine was addressed to BMA News regarding Ian Bogle and I had not anticipated a response from you, nor had I intended to initiate a correspondence with you. I note your response to my letter and you have my permission to publish my letter and your response at the BMJ website if you want to, but only if you also publish this reply to your response.

You say that it is "simply not so" that the BMJ is guaranteed a wide readership. A large number of British doctors are members of the BMA. They all receive the BMJ for free. This certainly guarantees a wide circulation if not a wide readership, but circulation is a very strong determinant of readership. Perhaps you illustrate this point yourself when you state that more GPs read Pulse than the BMJ. Or do you think this is because Pulse is a better, more relevant publication? It is difficult to be much swayed by your argument that people's membership of the BMA is influenced by their perception of the BMJ - anybody who wants to read the BMJ can see it for free on the internet and anybody who doesn't want to can chuck it unread in the bin - I'm sure most people are not as easily offended as I am. The hard truth is that the BMJ is very widely read (in parts) because it is very widely distributed - to everybody who is a member of the BMA. If everybody had to pay for their own subscription separately from their BMA membership the readership (as well as the circulation) would be far smaller. Do you deny this?

Your boast that more people access the BMJ website than those of NEJM, the Lancet or JAMA is breathtaking. You omit to mention that only the BMJ provides free full text access. This is a perfectly legitimate publishing ploy but in my view does allow it to get away with second-rate science while maintaining a higher profile than it would be entitled to on grounds of innate quality.

You claim that I "suggest that the BMJ is immune from market forces". What I suggest is open to interpretation, but it seems to me unarguable that the BMJ is relatively protected from market forces compared to journals that need to rely on individual subscriptions to survive. Partial immunity is much better than none at all.

You go on to say how much income the BMJ derives from display advertising. Of course it does. It goes free to a large number of British doctors so it jolly well ought to. This source of income again means it can publish worse quality science and still survive financially.

You say that I "talk about the scientific irrelevance of the BMJ". I do not believe this is a fair characterisation of my comments, but others can judge. I see that I did indeed write of my academic peers regarding it as being "irrelevant at best" but perhaps I was seeking to be polite. My own problem is that the BMJ is massively influential and not irrelevant at all. However I regard its influence as often pernicious.

I accept that the BMJ has a high impact factor, but this should be an almost inevitable outcome of its wide circulation, and hence high readership. Regrettably there is a vicious circle which means that because of the guarantee of a wide circulation some high quality publications do get submitted and published. These then do contribute to the impact factor (along with a number of other publications which are scientifically weak but which stimulate multiple critical citations) but the impact factor is really inflated by the circulation. If the BMJ had to sink or swim on its own merits then it would have a far lower circulation and attract far less strong research articles. Try the thought experiment for yourself and see if you don't get the same results.

Along with a few decent publications, the relatively protected position of the BMJ means that it can also publish articles with little or no scientific merit but which are politically correct, controversial, trendy or just simply useless. I believe that if the BMJ had to operate in a more competitive environment it would not be able to get away with such sloppy practice.

To revert to opinion rather than evidence - I work at a teaching hospital and have never encountered a colleague who had respect for the BMJ, even though some might feel obliged to publish in it because of its wide circulation. Likewise, I work as a psychiatrist and have never been favourably impressed by an article published in my own speciality, nor been tempted to recommend any pieces to the junior doctors or students who train with me. I recall feeling that the anti-scientific and anti-medical attitude of the BMJ was exemplified by its decision to have a clinical review article on post-natal depression authored by two psychologists. I have also had the personal experience of the BMJ publishing a letter of mine under a title which made me look an idiot and of my complaint being responded to not with a correction, nor an apology, nor an acknowledgement. It was simply ignored.

Finally, I will say that the impression I have come to have of you personally, from a variety of sources, is that you are extremely skeptical regarding the notion that medical science, or scientific medicine, has done mankind any good. I disagree strongly and believe you are mistaken. I also believe that, to be frank, you have abused your position as a journalist who edits an influential medical journal with the result that it is less scientific and more anti-technological than not play on a level playing field and that you are getting a (relatively) free ride.

I believe that the privileged position of the BMJ, especially under the current editor, has a negative effect on medical progress.

Yours sincerely

David Curtis

 

 

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Dame Sheila Sherlock

Re: Obituary Prof. Dame Sheila Sherlock

31 January 2002(Rapid Response)

Anna S.F. Lok,
Professor of Internal Medicine
University of Michigan Health Systems - Ann Arbor, MI USA 48109-0362,
Anthony S. Tavill, Jenny Heathcote

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To the Editor: British Medical Journal

In her overly abundant zeal your contributor Caroline Richmond has done a profound disservice to the memory of Dame Sheila Sherlock (obituary,BMJ: Jan 19,2002 ).As representatives of the large group of N.American expatriates trained by Dame Sheila we wish to protest the innuendoes, aspersions and opinionated gossip included in Richmond’s assessment of the life and work of this outstanding clinician, scientist and teacher.

Dame Sheila trained and mentored many hundreds of aspiring hepatologists and not one of us would be where we are now if not for her guidance and support. She gave this support unconditionally and although this was not invariably reciprocated with loyalty from every quarter she never in our experience bore a grudge or maligned any of her prot�g�s. She may not have forgotten Maurice Pappworth’s personal attack on her but we doubt that she was unable to forgive. As for alleged one-way criticism, Sheila loved the cut-and-thrust of medical and scientific debate, and could take as much as she gave in this arena (witness some of the early Medical Research Society question times). She taught us to think on our feet and respond to tough questions with the best available evidence based data.

In our individual experiences of up to 40 years as her trainee, colleague and friend we never saw her ignore patient feelings, and as for good taste, by what criteria or evidence does Caroline Richmond offer herself as arbiter on the relationships that Sheila had with her patients? They loved her authoritative consultations borne of lifelong experience; her compassion was expressed openly to both patient and concerned family and advice was proffered firmly but supportively. In addition, in contrast to prevailing traditions Sheila was blind to class or wealth and treated all her patients with equal dedication.

She would not have laid claim to the introduction of liver biopsy as stated by Richmond. Rather Sheila developed and exploited its capabilities to the ultimate in clinicopathological correlation and with Prof. Peter Scheuer presiding she taught us just what a valuable tool it could be in the management of patients with parenchymal liver disease.

Finally, in a lamentable lapse in factual reporting Caroline Richmond fails to give the correct recognition to Mandy James, Sheila and Gerry’s older daughter, and the Baptist minister, for presiding at Dame Sheila’s funeral. As an early Editor of Gut, one of the BMA’s proud publications, Sheila would in her inimitable style have sent Caroline Richmond away with a missive to rewrite her copy and get the facts right, young lady! We believe that you owe Dame Sheila Sherlock’s memory and her family an apology.

Signed:
Anthony S.Tavill MD., FRCP, FACP
Jenny Heathcote MD., FRCP, FRCP(C)
Anna S.F. Lok MD., FRCP

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Dame Sheila Sherlock
Obituary of Dame Sheila Sherlock 
23 January 2002(Rapid Response)

Amanda Sherlock James

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[email protected]

I write in response to the obituary of my mother, Dame Sheila Sherlock. So far obituaries have appeared in the Independent, Times and Guardian newspapers and it has made me very proud indeed of my mother. However, Caroline Richmond has failed to produce an accurate one. May I take this opportunity of pointing out a number of factual errors:

1. My mother did not write the first textbook on hepatology and would be the first to give that credit to the correct author.

2. My mother did not introduce needle biopsies but she used the late Sir John McMichael's technique.

3. I conducted the funeral service and not my younger sister, Auriole.

4. It is totally inaccurate to state that the family are reticent about her cause of death. My mother died very peacefully in her sleep on Sunday December 30 of Fibrosis of the lungs. The writer of this obitaury was told that.

To say that I am upset about this obituary is an understatement. At a time when I am grieving the loss of my mum, to read such an obituary, enrages me and has done a number of my mother's colleagues. The fact that my father has received over 200 letters of sympathy from all over the world, possibly indicates the love and affection people had for my mother.

I trust that you will make these inaccuracies known.

Amanda Sherlock James (Rev)

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Getting more for their dollar: a comparison of the NHS with California's Kaiser...
Problems with the comparison  
21 January 2002(Rapid Response)

Azeem Majeed,
Senior Lecturer in General Practice
University College London

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I agree with Samer Nashef that this paper contains a serious methodological flaw, namely the correction for purchasing power parity, which inflates NHS costs by a factor of 1.52. The reason why the NHS has lower salary, prescription and procedure costs than the USA is integral to the way in which the NHS works. Hence, the lower cost of health services in the UK should not have been adjusted for. The NHS also takes on many functions not provided by US health plans such as Kaiser Permanente. The authors did try to correct for this by reducing the NHS costs by 6%, but a more valid solution would have been to increase the Kaiser Permanente costs by including a proportion of the costs of the US Department of Health & Human Services, Federal agencies such as the Centers for Disease Control and the Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality, the costs of training health professionals, and the costs of the Californian public health system.

Other problems with the paper include the very crude adjustment for age and socio-economic status. Once these methodological problems are corrected for, the conclusions of the paper about the cost- effectiveness of the two systems will change markedly. The other striking difference between the two healthcare systems, the substantially lower number of bed days in the Kaiser Permanente system than in the NHS, should also be treated with caution as detailed information on how the number of bed days was calculated has not been given. The BMJ should not have allowed publication of this measure unless the authors were able to provide detailed definitions about what constitutes a ‘bed day’ in each system and how the average number of bed days was calculated.

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Heavy drinking by young British women gives cause for concern
Surveys - BMJ's blind spot?
30 November 2001(Rapid Response)

John Duffy,
Head of Statistics
University of Birmingham B15 2TT

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I have noticed that the BMJ seems to have a critical 'blind spot' when it comes to reporting survey-based research (see for example corresondence following BMJ 2000; 320: 982-984).

This seems to be the latest example, and I am responding reluctantly as this letter appears now to be taken seriously by more than just the BMJ editor. Apart from the ludicrous over-interpretation of very small numbers, the highlighted result is not particularly new or surprising. The Health Survey for England 1996 found that the youngest women had the highest proportion drinking more than 35 units per week - so no surprise there. What might be interesting is that the youngest men (who had the highest proportion of drinkers of over 50 units per week in the Health Survey) now appear *not* to be the group consuming most dangerously.

However, the method of sample selection (quota rather than random)would not generally be recommended for a survey of alcohol consumption or indeed any scientific survey as it does not allow valid application of statistical tests(even if the data were treated as arising from a random sample statistical analysis would not support the points made by the authors). The method of respondent 'capture' (sampling points) would also seem inappropriate - is it just that young heavy drinking men can't be bothered to give interviews about their drinking in the street? Reworking the denominators from the percentages in the table we find that elderly women(65+) certainly *do* seem to like to be interviewed. Unless there is a mistake in the published table, there must have been about 300 of these in a sample of 1052 women. Where does this leave the quota controls?

Before leaping to the conclusion that this is all the fault of 'senior statistician' Bill Mason, I should say in his defence that Bill is not, nor does he claim to be, a statistician of any kind, and was surprised to find himself so described by the authors.

</cgi/eletter-submit/323/7322/1183?title=Re%3A+Surveys+-+BMJ%27s+blind+spot%3F>

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Meeting the needs of chronically ill people
BMJ's next issue on chronic disease will include skin disease
31 October 2001(BMJ Rapid Response)

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Peter Lapsley points out that our theme issue on chronic disease included nothing on skin disease. We will make sure that the next theme issue on chronic disease does, and we will also consider a theme issue specifically on skin disease. Such an issue might consider why skin disease is so consistently forgotten.

Richard Smith, Editor, BMJ

http://www.bmj.com/cgi/eletters?lookup=by_date&days=3#323/7319/945/EL6

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PAPERS Communication difficulties during 999 ambulance calls: observational study Higgins et al. (6 October 2001) [Full text]

Communication difficulties during 999 ambulance calls: observational study

BMJ Refereeing and Studies of Medical Interaction

5 October 2001(BMJ Rapid Response)

Professor Robert Dingwall; Dr Alison Pilnick, Professor of Sociology; Lecturer in Sociology University of Nottingham  Email Professor Robert Dingwall; Dr Alison Pilnick: [email protected]

The apparent eccentricities of the BMJ's refereeing of work on medical interaction have long been observed by those of us who do research in this field. We have noted the tendency to publish work based on discredited models of language and social behaviour that shows no awareness of the extensive and sophisticated body of literature that the social sciences have produced on these topics. The paper by Higgins et al is a particular case in point. Emergency communication - 911 calls - has been studied in some depth by a number of US authors, particularly Jack and Marilyn Whalen, with various collaborators and students, and recently by Garcia and her students. This literature established the extent to which communication problems are collaboratively produced by callers and despatchers trying to align their accounts of the incidents being reported. These problems are often magnified by the disjuncture between the 'rational' organisation of reporting demanded by computer-assisted despatching systems and the 'everyday' organisation of story-telling adopted by callers. This is a quite different understanding of the problem than merely blaming callers for being 'emotional' and leads to rather more useful recommendations for despatcher training and the design of computer systems. In essence, these need to be better adapted to the way callers present information rather than assuming that callers in an emergency situation can be made to report in ways that fit the technology. The actual means of communication -mobile or landline - plays a relatively small part in these difficulties. This US work has not so far found much replication in the UK, although it is informing current research on NHS Direct. However, it would seem reasonable to expect that the paper's authors or the BMJ's referees should have been aware of it and to suggest that the journal's readers might have been better served by a more rigorous process of review.